&l;peclass=&quo;bes-exmb-10&quo;id=&quo;bes-conen-2729996628&quo;syle=&quo;min-heigh:55px;&quo;&g; &l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;根据污水来源的观点，污水可以定义为从住宅、机关、商业或者工业区排放的与地下水、地表水、暴风雪等混合的携带有废物的液体或者水。污水由许多类别，相应地减少污水对环境的影响也有许多技术和工艺。按照污水来源，污水可以分为这四类。 &l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:16px;&quo;&g;&l;song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;colo:gb(178,34,34);&quo;&g;第一类：工业废水&l;/span&g;&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;来自制造采矿和工业生产活动的污水，包括来自与工业或者商业储藏、加工的径流活渗沥液，以及其它不是生活污水的废水。 &l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:16px;&quo;&g;&l;song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;colo:gb(178,34,34);&quo;&g;第二类：生活污水&l;/span&g;&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;来自住宅、写字楼、机关或相类似的污水；卫生污水；下水道污水，包括下水道系统中生活污水中混合的工业废水。 &l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:16px;&quo;&g;&l;song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;colo:gb(178,34,34);&quo;&g;第三类：商业污水&l;/span&g;&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;来自商业设施而且某些成分超过生活污水的无毒、无害的污水。如餐饮污水。洗衣房污水、动物饲养污水，发廊产生的污水等。 &l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:16px;&quo;&g;&l;song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;colo:gb(178,34,34);&quo;&g;第四类：表面径流&l;/span&g;&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;来自雨水、雪水、高速公路下水，来自城市和工业地区的水等等，表面径流没有渗进土壤，沿街道和陆地进入地下水。&l;/span&g;&l;/pe&g;

&l;p&g;&l;song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:16px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;colo:gb(178,34,34);&quo;&g;污水的概念&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/song&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;污水是生活污水、工业废水、被污染的雨水的总称&l;b/&g; 生活污水是人类在日常生活中使用过的,并被生活废料所污染的水&l;b/&g; 工业废水是在工矿企业生产活动中用过的水。工业废水可分为生产污水与生产废水两类。&l;b/&g; 生产污水是指在生产过程中形成、并被生产原料、半成品或成品等废料所污染,也包括热污染(指&l;b/&g; 生产过程中产生的、水温超过60的水);生产废水是指在生产过程中形成,但未直接参与生产&l;b/&g; 工艺、未被生产原料、半成品或成品污染或只是温度稍有上升的水&l;/span&g;&l;b/&g;  &l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:16px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;colo:gb(178,34,34);&quo;&g;&l;song&g;水污染现状及来源&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;b/&g; 1、水污染及治理现状&l;b/&g; 污水处理率&l;b/&g; 截至2016年9月底,全国设市城市、县(下称“城镇&dquo;)累计建成城镇污水处理厂3976座&l;b/&g; 处理能力达到1.70亿立方米/日。城镇污水处理率919%;县城污水处理率8522%,90%以上&l;b/&g; 的城市水域受到污染,特别严重的水系:三河:淮河、海河、辽河&l;b/&g; 湖泊富营养化严重:滇池、巢湖(安徽)、太湖(江苏)&l;b/&g; 50%左右地下水水质受到污染;50%以上的重点城镇饮用水源不符合标准&l;b/&g; 2、水污染来源&l;b/&g; 生活污水的排放数量超过工业废水。2011年我国生活废水排放量428亿吨,占废水排放总&l;b/&g; 量的65%;而工业废水排放量231亿吨,占35%。&l;b/&g; A点污染源:(1)工业污染源&l;b/&g; 十小企业:小型造纸、制革、印染、染料、炼焦、炼硫、炼砷、炼油、电镀、农药&dquo;&l;b/&g; 十大重点行业:造纸、焦化、氮肥、有色金属、印染、农副食品加工、原料药制造、制革&l;b/&g; 农药、电镀等&l;b/&g; (2)生活污染源:BOD200~300mgL&l;b/&g; (3)养殖业:产值占农业生产总值的30%&l;b/&g; 如北京的养殖业排放的BOD约为工业和生活污水BOD总量的2倍。&l;b/&g; B.面污染源:城市暴雨、农业生产:化肥和农药的使用、农田排水与暴雨径流&l;b/&g; C交通污染源:汽车排&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;

&l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;污水处理公司&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;选矿废水具有水量大，悬浮物含量高，含有害物质种类较多的特点。其有害物质是重金属离子和选矿药剂。重金属离子有铜、锌、铅、镍、钡、镉以及砷和稀有元素等。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;在&l;/span&g;污水处理公司&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;选矿过程中加入的浮选药剂有如下几类：&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;ulclass=&quo;lis-paddinglef-2&quo;syle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px0px0px2.2em;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544000029563904px;line-heigh:27.2000007629395px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px5px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;捕集剂．如黄药（RocssMe）、黑药[（RO）2PSSMe]、白药[CS（NHC6H5）2]；&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px5px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;抑制刑，如氰盐（KCN，NaCN）、水玻璃（Na2SiO3）；&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px5px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;起泡剂，如松节油、甲酚（C6H4CH30H）；&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px5px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;活性刑，如硫酸铜（CuS04）、重金属盐类；&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px5px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;硫化剂，如硫化钠；&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;矿桨调节剂，如硫酸、石灰等。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;/ul&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;污水处理公司&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;选矿废水主要通过尾矿坝可有效地去除废水中悬浮物，重金属和浮选药剂含量也可降低。如达不到排放要求时，应作进一步处理，常用的处理方法有：&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;ulclass=&quo;lis-paddinglef-2&quo;syle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px0px0px2.2em;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544000029563904px;line-heigh:27.2000007629395px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px5px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;去除重金属可采用石灰中和法和焙烧白云石吸附法；&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px5px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;主除浮选药剂可采用矿石吸附法、活性炭吸附法；&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;含氰废水可采用化学氧化法。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;/ul&g;

&l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;污水处理公司&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;酸性废水主要来自钢铁厂、化工厂、染料厂、电镀厂和矿山等，其中含有各种有害物质或重金属盐类。酸的质量分数差别很大，低的小于1％，高的大于10％。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;污水处理公司&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(0,0,0);lee-spacing:0.5px;&quo;&g;碱性废水主要来自印染厂、皮革厂、造纸厂、炼油厂等。其中有的含有机碱或含无机碱。碱的质量分数有的高于5％，有的低于1％。酸碱废水中，除含有酸碱外，常含有酸式盐、碱式盐以及其他无机物和有机物。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;污水处理公司&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;酸碱废水具有较强的腐蚀性，需经适当治理方可外排。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(0,0,0);lee-spacing:0.5px;&quo;&g;治理&l;/span&g;&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;污水处理公司&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(0,0,0);lee-spacing:0.5px;&quo;&g;酸碱废水一股原则是：&l;/span&g;&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;ulclass=&quo;lis-paddinglef-2&quo;syle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px0px0px2.2em;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544000029563904px;line-heigh:27.2000007629395px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;高浓度酸碱废水，应优先考虑回收利用，根据水质、水量和不同工艺要求，进行厂区或地区性调度，尽量重复使用：如重复使用有困难，或浓度偏低，水量较大，可采用浓缩的方法回收酸碱。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;低浓度的酸碱废水，如酸洗槽的清洗水，碱洗槽的漂洗水，应进行中和处理。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;/ul&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px2em20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;对于中和处理，应首先考虑以废治废的原则。如酸、碱废水相互中和或利用废碱（渣）中和酸性废水，利用废酸中和碱性废水。在没有这些条件时，可采用中和剂处理。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;

&l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;song&g;污水处理公司&l;/song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;冶金废水的主要特点是水量大、种类多、水质复杂多变。按废水来源和特点分类，主要有冷却水、酸洗废水、洗涤废水(除尘、煤气或烟气)、冲渣废水、炼焦废水以及由生产中凝结、分离或溢出的废水等。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;line-heigh:27.2px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;song&g;污水处理公司&l;/song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(0,0,0);lee-spacing:0.5px;&quo;&g;冶金废水治理发展的趋向是：&l;/span&g;&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;ulclass=&quo;lis-paddinglef-2&quo;syle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px0px0px2.2em;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544000029563904px;line-heigh:27.2000007629395px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;发展和采用不用水或少用水及无污染或少污染的新工艺、新技术，如用干法熄焦，炼焦煤预热，直接从焦炉煤气脱硫脱氰等；&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;发展综合利用技术，如从废水废气中回收有用物质和热能，减少物料燃料流失；&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;根据不同水质要求，综合平衡，串流使用，同时改进水质稳定措施，不断提高水的循环利用率；&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;发展适合&l;/span&g;&l;song&g;污水处理公司&l;/song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;冶金废水特点的新的处理工艺和技术，如用磁法处理钢铁废水．具有效率高，占地少，操作管理方便等优点。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;/ul&g;

&l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;污水处理&l;/span&g;公司&l;/song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;重金属废水主要来自矿山、冶炼、电解、电镀、农药、医药、油漆、颜料等企业排出的废水。废水中重金属的种类、含量及存在形态随不同生产企业而异。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;污水处理&l;/span&g;公司&l;/song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(0,0,0);lee-spacing:0.5px;&quo;&g;重金属废水处理原则是：&l;/span&g;&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;ulclass=&quo;lis-paddinglef-2&quo;syle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px0px0px2.2em;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544000029563904px;line-heigh:27.2000007629395px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px5px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;最根本的是改革生产工艺，不用或少用毒性大的重金属；&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;其次是采用合理的工艺流程、科学的管理和操作，减少重金属用量和随废水流失量，尽量减少外排废水量。重金属废水应当在产生地点就地处理，不同其他废水混合，以免使处理复杂化。更不应当不经处理直接排入城市下水道，以免扩大重金属污染。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;/ul&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(0,0,0);lee-spacing:0.5px;&quo;&g;对重金属废水的处理，&l;/span&g;&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;污水处理&l;/span&g;公司&l;/song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(0,0,0);lee-spacing:0.5px;&quo;&g;通常可分为两类：&l;/span&g;&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;一是使废水中呈溶解状态的重金属转变成不溶的金属化合物或元素，经沉淀和上浮从废水中去除。&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;可应用方法如中和沉淀法、硫化物沉淀法、上浮分离法、电解沉淀（或上浮）法、隔膜电解法等；&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;二是&l;song&g;污水处理&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;song&g;公司&l;/song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;将废水中的重金属在不改变其化学形态的条件下进行浓缩和分离，&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;可应用方法有反渗透法、电渗析法、蒸发法和离子交换法等。&l;/song&g;这些方法应根据废水水质、水量等情况单独或组合使用。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;

&l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;农药品种繁多，农药污水水质复杂。其主要特点是：&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;ulclass=&quo;lis-paddinglef-2&quo;syle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px0px0px2.2em;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544000029563904px;line-heigh:27.2000007629395px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px5px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;污染物浓度较高，化学需氧量（COD）可达每升数万mg；&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px5px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;毒性大，污水中除含有农药和中间体外，还含有酚、砷、汞等有毒物质以及许多生物难以降解的物质；&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px5px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;有恶臭，对人的呼吸道和粘膜有刺激性；&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;水质、水量不稳定。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;/ul&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;因此，农药污水对环境的污染非常严重。农药污水处理的目的是降低农药生产污水中污染物浓度，提高回收利用率，力求达到无害化。农药污水的处理方法有活性炭吸附法、湿式氧化法、溶剂萃取法、蒸馏法和活性污泥法等。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;但是，研制高效、低毒、低残留的新农药，这是农药发展方向。一些国家已禁止生产六六六等有机氯、有机汞农药，积极研究和使用微生物农药，这是一条从根本上防止农药污水污染环境的新途径。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;

&l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;污水处理&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;食品工业原料广泛，制品种类繁多，排出污水的水量、水质差异很大。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;污水中主要污染物有：&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;ulclass=&quo;lis-paddinglef-2&quo;syle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px0px0px2.2em;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544000029563904px;line-heigh:27.2000007629395px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px5px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;漂浮在废水中固体物质，如菜叶、果皮、碎肉、禽羽等；&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px5px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;悬浮在废水中的物质有油脂、蛋白质、淀粉、胶体物质等；&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px5px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;溶解在废水中的酸、碱、盐、糖类等；&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px5px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;原料夹带的泥砂及其他有机物等；&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;lisyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;line-heigh:1.75em;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;致病菌毒等。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/li&g; &l;/ul&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;食品工业污水的特点是有机物质和悬浮物含量高，易腐败，一般无大的毒性。其危害主要是使水体富营养化，以致引起水生动物和鱼类死亡，促使水底沉积的有机物产生臭味，恶化水质，污染环境。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;食品工业污水处理除按水质特点进行适当预处理外，一般均宜采用生物处理。如对出水水质要求很高或因污水中有机物含量很高，可采用两级曝气池或两级生物滤池，或多级生物转盘．或联合使用两种生物处理装置，也可采用厌氧—需氧串联。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;

&l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;染料生产废水含有酸、碱、盐、卤素、烃、胺类、硝基物和染料及其中间体等物质，有的还含有吡啶、氰、酚、联苯胺以及重金属汞、镉、铬等。这些废水成分复杂．具有毒性，较难处理。因此染料生产废水的处理．应根据废水的特性和对它的排放要求．选用适当的处理方法。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;例如：去除固体杂质和无机物，可采用混凝法和过滤法；去除有机物和有毒物质主要采用化学氧化法、生物法和反渗透法等；脱色一般可采用混凝法和吸附法组成的工艺流程，去除重金属可采用离子交换法等。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;

&l;p&g;  &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;造纸废水主要来自造纸工业生产中的制浆和抄纸两个生产过程。制浆是把植物原料中的纤维分离出来，制成浆料，再经漂白；抄纸是把浆料稀释、成型、压榨、烘干，制成纸张。这两项工艺都排出大量废水。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;制浆产生的废水，污染最为严重。洗浆时排出废水呈黑褐色，称为黑水，黑水中污染物浓度很高，BOD高达5—40g/L，含有大量纤维、无机盐和色素。漂白工序排出的废水也含有大量的酸碱物质。抄纸机排出的废水，称为白水，其中含有大量纤维和在生产过程中添加的填料和胶料。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;造纸工业废水的处理应着重于提高循环用水率，减少用水量和废水排放量，同时也应积极探索各种可靠、经济和能够充分利用废水中有用资源的处理方法。例如浮选法可回收白水中纤维性固体物质，回收率可达95%，澄清水可回用；燃烧法可回收黑水中氢氧化纳、硫化钠、硫酸钠以及同有机物结合的其他钠盐。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px0px20px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(51,51,51);fon-family:-apple-sysem-fon,BlinkMacSysemFon,'HelveicaNeue','PingFangSC','HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHeiUI','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:17px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:0.544px;ophans:auo;ex-align:jusify;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;line-heigh:1.75em;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;lee-spacing:0.5px;colo:gb(0,0,0);&quo;&g;中和法调节废水pH值；混凝沉淀或浮选法可去除废水中悬浮固体；化学沉淀法可脱色；生物处理法可去除BOD，对牛皮纸废水较有效；湿式氧化法处理亚硫酸纸浆废水较为成功。此外，国内外也有采用反渗透、超过滤、电渗析等处理方法。&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;

&l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;印染工业用水量大，通常每印染加工1纺织品耗水100一200．其中80％一90％以印染废水排出。常用的治理方法有回收利用和无害化处理。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;回收利用：&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;废水可按水质特点分别回收利用，如漂白煮炼废水和染色印花废水的分流，前者可以对流洗涤．一水多用，减少排放量；&l;b/&g; 碱液回收利用，通常采用蒸发法回收，如碱液量大，可用三效蒸发回收，碱液量小，可用薄膜蒸发回收；&l;b/&g; 染料回收．如士林染料可酸化成为隐巴酸，呈胶体微粒．悬浮于残液中，经沉淀过滤后回收利用。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;无害化处理可分：&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;物理处理法有沉淀法和吸附法等。沉淀法主要去除废水中悬浮物；吸附法主要是去除废水中溶解的污染物和脱色。&l;b/&g; 化学处理法有中和法、混凝法和氧化法等。中和法在于调节废水中的酸碱度，还可降低废水的色度；混凝法在于去除废水中分散染料和胶体物质；氧化法在于氧化废水中还原性物质，使硫化染料和还原染料沉淀下来。&l;b/&g; 生物处理法有活性污泥、生物转盘、生物转筒和生物接触氧化法等。为了提高出水水质，达到排放标准或回收要求．往往需要采用几种方法联合处理。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;

&l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;化学工业废水主要来自石油化学工业、煤炭化学工业、酸碱工业、化肥工业、塑料工业、制药工业、染料工业、橡胶工业等排出的生产废水。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;化工废水污染防治的主要措施是：首先应改革生产工艺和设备，减少污染物，防止废水外排，进行综合利用和回收；必须外排的废水，其处理程度应根据水质和要求选择。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;   一级处理主要分离水中的悬浮固体物、胶体物、浮油或重油等。可采用水质水量调节、自然沉淀、上浮和隔油等方法。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;   二级处理主要是去除可用生物降解的有机溶解物和部分胶体物，减少废水中的生化需氧量和部分化学需氧量，通常采用生物法处理。经生物处理后的废水中，还残存相当数量的COD，有时有较高的色、嗅、味，或因环境卫生标准要求高，则需采用三级处理方法进一步净化。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;   三级处理主要是去除废水中难以生物降解的有机污染物和溶解性无机污染物。常用的方法有活性炭吸附法和臭氧氧化法，也可采用离子交换和膜分离技术等。各种化学工业废水可根据不同的水质、水量和处理后外排水质的要求，选用不同的处理方法。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;