&l;peclass=&quo;bes-exmb-10&quo;id=&quo;bes-conen-2729996628&quo;syle=&quo;min-heigh:55px;&quo;&g; &l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;根据污水来源的观点，污水可以定义为从住宅、机关、商业或者工业区排放的与地下水、地表水、暴风雪等混合的携带有废物的液体或者水。污水由许多类别，相应地减少污水对环境的影响也有许多技术和工艺。按照污水来源，污水可以分为这四类。 &l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:16px;&quo;&g;&l;song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;colo:gb(178,34,34);&quo;&g;第一类：工业废水&l;/span&g;&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;来自制造采矿和工业生产活动的污水，包括来自与工业或者商业储藏、加工的径流活渗沥液，以及其它不是生活污水的废水。 &l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:16px;&quo;&g;&l;song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;colo:gb(178,34,34);&quo;&g;第二类：生活污水&l;/span&g;&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;来自住宅、写字楼、机关或相类似的污水；卫生污水；下水道污水，包括下水道系统中生活污水中混合的工业废水。 &l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:16px;&quo;&g;&l;song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;colo:gb(178,34,34);&quo;&g;第三类：商业污水&l;/span&g;&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;来自商业设施而且某些成分超过生活污水的无毒、无害的污水。如餐饮污水。洗衣房污水、动物饲养污水，发廊产生的污水等。 &l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:16px;&quo;&g;&l;song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;colo:gb(178,34,34);&quo;&g;第四类：表面径流&l;/span&g;&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;来自雨水、雪水、高速公路下水，来自城市和工业地区的水等等，表面径流没有渗进土壤，沿街道和陆地进入地下水。&l;/span&g;&l;/pe&g;

&l;p&g;&l;song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:16px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;colo:gb(178,34,34);&quo;&g;污水的概念&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/song&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;污水是生活污水、工业废水、被污染的雨水的总称&l;b/&g; 生活污水是人类在日常生活中使用过的,并被生活废料所污染的水&l;b/&g; 工业废水是在工矿企业生产活动中用过的水。工业废水可分为生产污水与生产废水两类。&l;b/&g; 生产污水是指在生产过程中形成、并被生产原料、半成品或成品等废料所污染,也包括热污染(指&l;b/&g; 生产过程中产生的、水温超过60的水);生产废水是指在生产过程中形成,但未直接参与生产&l;b/&g; 工艺、未被生产原料、半成品或成品污染或只是温度稍有上升的水&l;/span&g;&l;b/&g;  &l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:16px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;colo:gb(178,34,34);&quo;&g;&l;song&g;水污染现状及来源&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;b/&g; 1、水污染及治理现状&l;b/&g; 污水处理率&l;b/&g; 截至2016年9月底,全国设市城市、县(下称“城镇&dquo;)累计建成城镇污水处理厂3976座&l;b/&g; 处理能力达到1.70亿立方米/日。城镇污水处理率919%;县城污水处理率8522%,90%以上&l;b/&g; 的城市水域受到污染,特别严重的水系:三河:淮河、海河、辽河&l;b/&g; 湖泊富营养化严重:滇池、巢湖(安徽)、太湖(江苏)&l;b/&g; 50%左右地下水水质受到污染;50%以上的重点城镇饮用水源不符合标准&l;b/&g; 2、水污染来源&l;b/&g; 生活污水的排放数量超过工业废水。2011年我国生活废水排放量428亿吨,占废水排放总&l;b/&g; 量的65%;而工业废水排放量231亿吨,占35%。&l;b/&g; A点污染源:(1)工业污染源&l;b/&g; 十小企业:小型造纸、制革、印染、染料、炼焦、炼硫、炼砷、炼油、电镀、农药&dquo;&l;b/&g; 十大重点行业:造纸、焦化、氮肥、有色金属、印染、农副食品加工、原料药制造、制革&l;b/&g; 农药、电镀等&l;b/&g; (2)生活污染源:BOD200~300mgL&l;b/&g; (3)养殖业:产值占农业生产总值的30%&l;b/&g; 如北京的养殖业排放的BOD约为工业和生活污水BOD总量的2倍。&l;b/&g; B.面污染源:城市暴雨、农业生产:化肥和农药的使用、农田排水与暴雨径流&l;b/&g; C交通污染源:汽车排&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;

&l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;      闸阀：每月一次由长白班负责。检查阀杆密封情况，必要时更换填料，润滑点的润滑剂加注，若为电动闸阀则应检查限位开关、手动与电动的联锁装置;若长期不动的闸阀应每月做启闭试验。缓闭止回阀，每月一次调试缓闭机构、加注润滑油。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;      桁车或电动葫芦等起重设备每月做移位和起吊试验，检查起吊用钢丝绳，防止锈蚀并检测其磨损量，若磨损大于原直径的10%或发现有断裂的股线，则应报告检修组更换。每班一次检查管道、闸阀、潜水泵吊装孔盖板、护栏、爬梯、支架等金属构件是否紧固、稳固，和采取稳固措施，若开始锈蚀则应采取除锈与防腐措施。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;      及时更换损坏的照明灯具。交班前要对管道、闸阀及其附属设备、电器控制柜柜面、泵房门窗、墙面、地坪和周围卫生责任区做一次卫生工作。并对电器控制柜的禁用挂牌复核，并保持位置准确。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;

&l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;      吸水池水位、吸水池有无杂物，逐台工作机泵的运转声音，三相电压、电流、传感器湿度、温度、水泵出口压力、流量，检查控制柜，切换开关是否设定在设定的自控或手控位置，机泵管道附属设备及机房、门窗是否正常。巡检频率为接班、交班各一次(增加交接班内容)，其余时间每2小时巡检一次，交班巡检还包括设备、仪表、泵房及泵房周边生责任区的卫生与维护工作。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;      巡检过程中发现问题应立即调整，并记录在记录表中，例如水位低于设定值，应立即停机，检查水位继电器，使恢复正常，若水位高于设定值，应通知中控室增开水泵，在泵运转正常后检查水位继电器，使恢复正常;如吸水池有杂物应立即清理，若必须下池清理，则应按“狭小空间内的安全操作要求&dquo;操作并通知中控室调人支援与监护，并应检查杂物来源，采取必要措施，防止再发生类似情况;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;      如机泵运转声音不正常，要寻找原因，使其恢复正常;如机泵运行参数不正常则应调整与维护使其正常。当天气突变，例如暴雨即将来临，则应增加巡检，检查门、窗及采取必要的防水防雷措施。设备初次使用，设备经过检查、改造或长期停用后投入系统运行要增加巡检次数，即增加30分、75分各一次，若一切正常即转入正常巡检每120分一次。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;

&l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;song&g;故障调度&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;污水厂紧急状态包括：&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;a)停电或断电;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;b)厂内重大故障;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;c)管线泵站故障;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;d)暴雨洪水。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;暴雨时进厂污水的调度由厂部在中控室协助下与排水管理处及提升泵站进行必要的协调。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;song&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;查看仪表数据记录&l;/span&g;&l;/song&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;a)运行控制参数是否正常。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;b)回流泵与排泥泵运行是否正常。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;c)氧化沟中DO是否在1.0mg/L至3.0mg/L的幅度内。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;d)加氯是否正常。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;song&g;感官巡检&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;氧化沟中混合液的颜色能够作为不良污泥或健康污泥的指标，一个健康的好氧活性污泥的颜色应是类似巧克力的棕色。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;二沉池是否正常,表面水是否清澈,池中出现气泡，上浮污泥，泥层是否太厚。如泥层太厚，应该加大污泥回流比。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;出水是否清澈,可直接反映运行状况，反映污泥的沉降性能。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;

&l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;运行状态不理想，通常是由于上述三种调整不能及时引起，水力负荷(F/M)不适当也可能是原因之一，也有可能是机械或水力故障和进水水质突变(如非计划性工业污水的冲击负荷)引起。及时的调整须在运行中长期对季节性水质(含水温)水量的趋势分析后得以总结。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;运行参数的调整具有滞后效应,故应小心调整(单次调整量应小于10%)并耐心观察。常见的运行故障表征及应对方法详见附录四,系统故障诊断指南，各厂可依据各自情况增删。在运行状态纠偏的过程中,其中关键的过程控制参数为F/M，即BOD5污泥负荷，F/M计算公式如下：&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;F/M=(Q*BOD5)/(MLVSS*Va)&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;MLVSS=f•MLSS&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;上式中：&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;Q：进水量(m3/d)&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;BOD5：五天生化需氧量(mg/L)&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;f：常数，对市政污水一般取0.75&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;MLVSS：混合液挥发性悬浮固体浓度(mg/L)&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;Va：氧化沟有效容积(m3)&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;p&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;由于BOD5需要五日才能取得结果，因此又采用测定COD来推BOD5，对氧化沟的F/M值应控制在0.05到0.15之间。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;

&l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;      其主要依据是污泥沉降指数与二沉池污泥厚度，主要调控手段是回流比。在氧化沟工艺中，剩余污泥合理排放后的二沉池污泥必须全部回流到氧化沟中，才能保证曝气池中的污泥浓度，从而保证其处理能力，回流污泥量的控制就是基于这个要求，其方法有：&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;      按二沉池泥位控制，即按设计要求确定的泥位，或使泥层厚度控制在0.3～0.9m之间，同时使泥层厚度小于泥位以上水深的1/3。如果实际泥位超过设定的泥位，应增大回流量，如果泥位低于设定值应减少回流量，使逐步控制泥位在设定值上，但调节量不宜超过10%，待下一次巡检时检查泥位的变化，再给予适当的调整，当二沉池泥位稳定，在一个值的时候，说明所有的污泥已回流到曝气池，达到了工艺要求，这个回流量与进水量直接有关，进水量增加(或减少)，带出曝气池的污泥量成比例增加(或减少)，回流量也应成比例的增加(或减少)。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;因此习惯上用回流比(R),即回流污泥量与进水量之比来控制。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;

&l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;      其主要依据是氧化沟中溶解氧(DO)浓度，主要手段是曝气强度控制;氧化沟中，污水混合液在氧化沟内循环流动，以转刷、转碟或表嗓机推动和充氧，在曝气装置下游溶解氧浓度从高向低变动，由好氧段逐步过渡到缺氧段，好氧段溶解氧浓度DO宜控制在1mg/L～3mg/L，缺氧段DO宜控制0.2～0.5mg/L。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;      转刷(转碟)曝可以调节出水堰的高度，使转刷(转碟)改变淹没浮度而改变曝气量，若没有变频调速装置，则可改变转速调节曝气量，也可增开或减少转刷(转碟)数量来调节曝气量。如果减少曝气量而影响水在池内的流速(应控制在0.25m/s以上)，则应增开水下推流器，以保证池内流速，不致淤积。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;

&l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(171,25,66);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;14、污泥龄的调整&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;其主要依据是氧化沟中污泥浓度，进水悬浮固体浓度(SS)与污泥沉降性能指数(SVI)，主要调控手段为调节剩余污泥排放量。剩余污泥排放是活性污泥工艺控制中最主要的一项操作，它控制混合液浓度，控制污泥泥龄，改变活性污泥中微生物种类和增长速度，改变曝气池需氧量以及改变污泥的沉降性能。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(171,25,66);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;15、污泥龄计算&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;QS=(MLSS*Va)/(Q*SSi)&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;上式中：&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;QS：污泥龄(d)&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;MLSS：混合液悬浮固体浓度(mg/L)&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;Q：进水流量(m3/d)&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;SSi：进水悬浮固体浓度(mg/L)&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;

&l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(171,25,66);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;温度要求&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;温度是影污泥驯化的环境因素之一,各种微生物都在特定范围的温度内生长，污泥驯化的温度范围在10~40℃,最佳温度在20~30℃。故建议系统的初次运行不要放在冬天进行。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(171,25,66);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;pH值要求&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;pH值也是影响因素之一。在污泥驯化和以后的正常运行过程中应将系统的进水pH控制在6~9之间。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(171,25,66);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;营养物质要求&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;良好的营养条件是菌群代谢、生长的前提。在污泥驯化的过程中应将营养物质的参数控制在BOD：N：P为100：5：1左右，为污泥驯化提供良好的生长条件。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(171,25,66);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;溶解氧量(DO)要求&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;DO是污泥驯化过程中的主要控制指标，在污泥驯化过程中应将DO的范围控制在0.5~2.0mg/L。(溶解氧浓度测量点为，转碟曝气器水下游4.5米处)。DO可以通过溶解氧测定仪检测，也可以通过人工检测，以了解DO在池中的变化规律。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(171,25,66);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;混合液悬浮固体浓度（MLSS）要求&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;生物是污泥中有活性的部分,也是有机物代谢的主体,在生物处理工艺中起主要作用,而混合液污泥浓度MLSS的数值可以相对地表示生物部分的多少。活性污泥的浓度应控制在2~4g/L。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(171,25,66);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;污泥的生物相镜检要求&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;活性污泥处于不同的生长阶段,各类微生物也呈现出不同的比例。细菌承担着分解有机物的基本和基础的代谢作用,而原生动物〈也包括后生动物〉则吞食游离细菌。运行正常的活性污泥中含有钟虫、轮虫、纤毛虫、菌胶团等。当菌胶团片大。钟虫活跃而多，出现轮虫、线虫时，污泥成熟且性质好。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(171,25,66);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;污泥30分钟沉降比(SV)要求&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;活性污泥正常运行时污泥30分钟沉降比应控制在15%-30%之间。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;

&l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(171,25,66);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;第三阶段&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;活性污泥驯化工作进入第三阶段后，活性污泥驯化工作基本完成。在此阶段中，应严格按照样表3-1中所列分析计划，对泥水混合物的关键参数进行监测、分析和控制，并保存相关数据供系统正常运行参考。当活性污泥浓度值达到规定范围并相对稳定时，可以认为活性污泥驯化工作基本完成。污水经生化和沉淀处理后，出水SS应达标。在该阶段过程中应根据实际操作情况进行剩余污泥排放。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(171,25,66);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;第四阶段&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;该阶段的目的是记录运行参数，即活性污泥30分钟沉降比(SV)、生物镜检、污泥回流比和剩余污泥排放量等关键控制参数。为系统的正常运行提供参考。当进水浓度较低、污泥生长情况较差的情况下应增加污泥回流比，同时当污泥膨胀等情况发生时应减小污泥回流比。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;在污泥驯化的该阶段和以后系统正常运行的过程中应严格控制污泥回流比，如果没有保证污泥回流比，可能会出现以下现象：&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;没有足够的活性污泥来处理污染物。这种情况通常出现在系统启动的前一到两个星期;若污泥回流比较小，导致污泥在沉淀池中停留时间较长，污泥在二沉池中发生厌氧反应，可能会出现上浮和臭味;污泥在二沉池中形成较厚的泥层，可能导致出水悬浮固体浓度较高;当有足够的溶解氧浓度的情况下，活性污泥在生物处理池中将产生硝化反应，可能会导致沉淀池中发生反硝化反应导致污泥量增加。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;污泥驯化的第四阶段结束后及污泥驯化工作完成后，活性污泥各运行参数都应在设计控制范围内并相对稳定。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;

&l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(171,25,66);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;第一阶段&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;向氧化沟反应池进水并启动水下推流器。持续进水到氧化沟中水位达到设计有效水深的1/3时，将接种污泥均匀地投入到氧化沟反应池中，采用鼓风曝气系统开始曝气，同时连续进水至氧化沟反应池中水位达到设计运行水位(采用转刷或转碟曝气系统,在此时开始曝气),在污泥接种完成后的持续进水过程中逐步增加曝气量至曝气量达到最大。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;氧化沟水位达到设计运行水位后，持续进水至二沉池中。当二沉池进水2小时后启动沉淀池刮泥机和污泥回流泵，使在二沉池中沉淀的活性污泥在污泥驯化初期能快速地被收集，并回流到生物处理池中。污泥回流率应通过观察回流污泥情况进行调整，一般情况下污泥回流比，应控制在50~100%之间。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;当二沉池达到正常运行水位，应观察活性污泥状况，控制进水，直到出现模糊不清的絮状物，这时可适当进水，换水以补充营养物，换水量可控制在氧化沟池容的25%再重复上述操作。当二沉池开始溢流时，启动后续污水处理工艺，如消毒工艺。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;在生物处理池水位达到正常运行水位后应随时监控氧化沟中溶解氧(DO)浓度值(通过溶解氧测定仪)，以判断曝气量是否足够，并作出相应调整。在活性污泥驯化过程中，溶解氧的浓度应能满足以下三方面可能发生的情况下。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;a)进水和回流污泥中溶解氧浓度较低;需要较多充氧量;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;b)进水缺氧，需要有足够的溶解氧将其快速改变成充氧环境;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;c)当污水中营养物质丰富，需要大量的溶解氧来满足微生物的生长。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;在污泥驯化的过程中，溶解氧的最低浓度应确保氧化沟出水口处溶解氧浓度不小于1.0mg/L。在活性污泥驯化的第一阶段中，由于活性污泥的浓度较低，在曝气的过程中可能会产生大量的泡沫，在实际操作过程中，采取相应的处理措施，如采用喷洒水滴等措施来去除泡沫。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;oveflow-wap:beak-wod!impoan;colo:gb(171,25,66);&quo;&g;&l;songsyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;&quo;&g;第二阶段&l;/song&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g; &l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;ex-align:jusify;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;污泥驯化工作进入第二阶段后，监控溶解氧的同时，应开始监测活性污泥的30分钟沉降比(SV)和营养物质参数。在进行监测活性污泥沉降比的过程中可以发现在此阶段的前几天泥水混合物的颜色几乎同进水的颜色相同，随着曝气时间的增加，泥水混合物的颗粒变大，沉降性能变好，并且颜色逐渐变为黑褐色。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g; &l;psyle=&quo;magin:0px;padding:0px;max-widh:100%;box-sizing:bode-box!impoan;wod-wap:beak-wod!impoan;clea:boh;min-heigh:1em;colo:gb(62,62,62);fon-family:'HiaginoSansGB','MicosofYaHei',Aial,sans-seif;fon-size:16px;fon-syle:nomal;fon-vaian:nomal;fon-weigh:nomal;lee-spacing:nomal;line-heigh:25.6000003814697px;ophans:auo;ex-align:sa;ex-inden:0px;ex-ansfom:none;whie-space:nomal;widows:1;wod-spacing:0px;-webki-ex-soke-widh:0px;backgound-colo:gb(255,255,255);&quo;&g;&l;spansyle=&quo;fon-size:14px;&quo;&g;在此阶段中活性污泥沉降比可达到20%。检测营养物质的目的是为微生物的生长提供条件，在活性污泥驯化的过程中营养物质的参数BOD：N：P应控制在100：5：1左右，若不能达到此参数应投加营养物质进行调节。&l;/span&g;&l;/p&g;